Creating a website from scratch doesn't have to be intimidating. With the help of HTML, CSS and JavaScript you can easily build a functional and dynamic website that is certain to catch the attention of your visitors. In this guide, you will learn the basics of how to start with making a simple website using HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

What is HTML?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the code language of the web. It forms the backbone of any website and provides structure to the content that makes up the website. HTML is composed of a series of tags or elements which determine the layout and presentation of the web page. With HTML, you can create headings, paragraphs, lists, images, audio and video and much more.

What is CSS?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a style sheet language used for describing the look and formatting of a document built using HTML. It is a powerful language that can be used to control the layout, color, font and other design elements of a website. It is an essential part of any web page as it allows users to customize the look and feel of their website.

What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is a scripting language used to create interactive websites and applications. It is used to add dynamic elements to an HTML page such as animations, responding to user events, searching and sorting data, etc. It is the core language used to power dynamic web pages and is a necessary part of any website.

Creating a Simple Website with HTML, CSS and JavaScript

In order to create a simple website using HTML, CSS and JavaScript, there are a few steps you need to take.

Step 1: Setting Up

The first step you must take is to set up your web page. This includes creating a directory for the project and creating index.html. In the directory you will add the source code for the entire website including HTML, CSS and JavaScript files.

Step 2: Designing your Web Page

Now that you have the structure in place, you can begin designing the web page. This is where you will use HTML and CSS to create the basic layout and style of the web page. HTML is used to structure the page while CSS defines how the page will look. Using the two together you are able to create web page that looks exactly how you want it to.

Step 3: Adding Functionality with JavaScript

Now that the web page is ready, you need to add the functionality with the help of JavaScript. This includes writing code which will be used to add interactivity to the web page. You can use JavaScript to power dynamic features such as displaying data in real time, searching, sorting and filtering data, interactive elements and much more.

Conclusion

Creating a website from scratch is not as hard as it might seem. By following this guide, you should have a basic understanding on how to get started with HTML, CSS and JavaScript. If you follow the above steps you can quickly create a simple website that you can use to display your content and business information. The code you write can also be easily modified to further refine the web page and customize it to suit your exact needs.

In this article, we'll show you how to send emails using Python, one of the most popular programming languages in the world. Email is an important aspect of computing that still plays a major role in communication. Emailing with Python opens up a variety of options, from basic email handling to custom automated email updates.

For those familiar with coding, Python is a great choice for learning and mastering email abilities. In this guide, we'll cover the basics of how to get started and what to consider when coding your emails in Python.

Setting Up Your Python Environment​

The first step in any Python project is to set up your environment. Python uses packages and modules to organize your code, which makes programming and debugging easier.

Before you can start coding in Python for email, familiarize yourself with the most popular Python libraries for Email automation:

• Email: For configuring email messages and managing their content, the Email module is a great starting point.
• SMTPlib: Use this library to develop your own mail transfer protocol and customize your email handling.
• JSON: JSON stands for "JavaScript Object Notation," a useful tool for passing data between systems.

Once you've identified the appropriate libraries for your project, the next step is to set your environment up. To do this, use [Pipenv](https://pipenv-fork.readthedocs.io/en/latest/, the official Python packaging tool.

To install Pipenv, open your terminal and type the following command:

pip install --user pipenv

This will install Pipenv in the user directory. Once installed, type the following command:

pipenv shell

This will enter the Pipenv shell and set it up with the packages and modules you need.

Writing Your Email in Python​

Now that you have your environment set up, you can start to code your email. In Python, there are a variety of ways to write your emails. The two most popular methods are the email.message.Message and smtplib.SMTP classes.

email.message.Message Class​

The email.message.Message class provides an easy and efficient way to create an email in Python. The class includes a constructor, which you can use to create an "email object" that contains all the information you need to send an email message.

To create an email object, use the following syntax:

info = email.message.Message(
    From='sender@email.com',
    To='recipient@email.com',
    Subject='My First Email with Python'
)

Once created, you can add additional information to the structure including the message body and any attachments.

smtplib.SMTP Class​

The smtplib.SMTP class is a more sophisticated approach to sending emails. The class handles the actual transmission of emails and can adjust or modify the email as it goes through.

To use the smtplib.SMTP class, create two objects, one to act as the SMTP server and one to act as the client. For example:

# Create SMTP server
server=smtplib.SMTPServer(host='smtp.example.com', port=587)

# Create SMTP client
client=smtplib.SMTP(server.local_addrport)

From here, you can:

• Connect to the server.
• Login to the server.
• Send the email.
• Disconnect from the server.

Using the smtplib.SMTP class allows for greater flexibility, such as sending HTML-formatted emails or customizing the delivery of emails.

Adding Customizations to Your Email​

Adding a few "bells and whistles" to your email can give it a professional and personalized feel. You can do this in a few different ways.

Preheaders and Subject Lines​

Preheaders are text that appears in the email preview. Most email clients display the preheader first, so it can be helpful to use a preheader to provide context for the email.

To add a preheader to your email, include the following headers when creating your email object:

info = email.message.Message(
    From='sender@email.com',
    To='recipient@email.com',
    Subject='My First Email with Python',
    Preheader= 'A quick guide on how to send emails with Python.'
)

Your subject line should also be customized to be meaningful and impactful. Use keywords that are relevant to your message and make sure to avoid spammy or pushy language.

Formatting Your Email​

You can also use HTML and CSS to customize the formatting of your email. HTML makes it easy to create meaningful content, while CSS allows you to use styles to make your email look polished.

To add HTML and CSS to your email, use the MIME type:

info.add_alternative('text/html', html_content)

You can also set MIME types for images, attachments, and other types of content. Make sure to include both the HTML and plain text versions of your email for maximum compatibility.

Automating Your Emails​

Automating emails in Python is relatively simple. You can use a library like schedule to create functions that will automatically send emails at predetermined times.

For example, let's say you want to send a weekly reminder email to a group of people. You could create a function like this:

def send_reminder_email():
    info = email.message.Message(
        From='sender@email.com',
        To='reminder_recipients@email.com',
        Subject='Weekly Reminder',
        Preheader='Don't forget to check off your tasks this week!'
    )
    
    info.add_alternative('text/html', html_content)
    client.sendmail('sender@email.com', 'reminder_recipients@email.com', info.as_string())

You can the set the function to run at predetermined intervals using the schedule library:

schedule.every().monday.at("09:00").do(send_reminder_email)

You can also use other libraries like Celery for more complex message scheduling and delivery tasks.

Conclusion​

Sending emails with Python opens up a world of possibilities for automating, customizing, and optimizing your email workflow. With just a few lines of code, you can easily create and send professional emails from the comfort of your own home.

Whether you're a programmer or just curious about the possibilities, learning how to send emails with Python is a great way to increase your productivity and take your emails to the next level. You'll find yourself mastering email in no time!

You may have used Python to automate the boring stuff and wanted to take it a step further by using it to send text messages. Whether it's to a single person or a group of people, Python provides an efficient platform for sending SMS messages. This guide will walk you through how to send SMSs using Python and how to do it well.

The Basics of Python​

Before learning how to send an SMS using Python, it's important to understand the basics of how Python works. Python is a high-level programming language that is relatively easy to learn and use. It is open-source and runs an ever-growing library of helpful functions and modules. Python has become increasingly popular for automating processes, executing tasks on its own, and dealing with complex scientific and data problems.

Installing Necessary Libraries​

In order to use SMS with Python, you need to install the Twilio library into your Python environment. To do this, open up your terminal and install the Twilio package by typing the following command: pip install twilio

Once the Twilio package is installed, you can now start using Twilio from your code!

Getting Your Account Credentials​

In order to start sending SMSs, you must get your account credentials from Twilio. In order to do this, you must go to the Twilio website and create an account. After successfully creating an account, you will be given a unique Account Sid and Auth Token which are both used to authenticate the use of your Twilio account. Make sure to save these credentials as you will need them in the next step.

Instantiating a Client​

Now that you have the account credentials you can now create a client as seen below:

# Importing Twilio
from twilio.rest import Client

# Your Account SID from twilio.com/console
account_sid = "YOUR ACCOUNT SID GOES HERE"
# Your Auth Token from twilio.com/console
auth_token  = "YOUR AUTH TOKEN GOES HERE"

client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

This will create a client instance that can now be used to send messages.

Open up phone numbers​

Once you have a client instance available, you can now register phone numbers to your account. You can either do this by buying a phone number from Twilio's website or porting a number to your account.

Once you've done this, the next step is to send an SMS.

Sending an SMS​

Once you have a phone number registered to your account, you can start sending messages through your client instance. To send a message, use the code below.

# Your Twilio Phone Number 
from_number = "+19103334444"

# The Phone Number you would like to send 
# the message to
to_number = "+19102223344"

# The body of the SMS 
message_body = "Hello World!"

# Send the Message
client.messages.create( 
 from_= from_number
 to = to_number
 body = message_body
)

The code above will send an SMS from the from_number to the to_number with the body of "Hello World!" You can also send to multiple numbers by simply passing in an array of phone numbers:

# Your Twilio Phone Number 
from_number = "+19103334444"

# The Phone Numbers you would like to send 
# the message to
to_numbers = ["+19102223344", "+19105551234"]

# The body of the SMS 
message_body = "Hello World!"

# Send the Message
client.messages.create( 
 from_= from_number
 to = to_numbers
 body = message_body
)

Conclusion​

As you can see, it’s relatively easy to use Python to send SMS messages. In this guide, you’ve learned how to install the necessary packages and libraries, get your credentials, and send messages using the Twilio library. With the help of this guide, you now have the tools to integrate SMS capabilities into your Python projects.

Python is one of the most widely used programming languages when it comes to advanced software development. It comes with a wide range of powerful and robust features that make it an ideal language for developers. One of the best features Python offers is the ability to send a WhatsApp message using Python. This opens up whole new possibilities for developers to integrate automated messaging features into their apps to create an enhanced user experience.

In this article, we will go over the step-by-step guide to sending WhatsApp messages with Python. We will walk through a simple example that contains all the essential steps and concepts necessary to successfully send messages from Python.

What You Will Need to Send WhatsApp Messages​

The first thing you need to do before you can send WhatsApp messages from Python is to get the necessary components and tools. This includes getting a Twilio account, downloading and installing the Twilio Python SDK, as well as the necessary Python libraries.

Twilio​

The first step is to create a Twilio account, which is a software development platform that offers an API specifically for WhatsApp messages. Twilio provides an easy-to-use, straightforward API that allows developers to integrate automated messaging features into apps. Twilio offers an array of features and flexibility to quickly get up and running with WhatsApp automated messaging.

Twilio Python SDK​

Once you have created a Twilio account, you will need to download and install the Twilio Python SDK. This software library allows developers to quickly and easily build automated messaging solutions using Python. The SDK comes with all the necessary documentation, tutorials and code snippets that you need to get started.

Python Libraries​

In addition to the Twilio Python SDK, you will also need to install a couple of Python libraries. These libraries will allow you to make the necessary API calls to send WhatsApp messages from Python. The libraries you need to install include requests and aiohttp.

Setting up the WhatsApp Sandbox​

Before you can actually send WhatsApp messages, you need to set up the WhatsApp sandbox. This sandbox is a testing environment that uses a special API to connect to WhatsApp's servers. It allows developers to test out messages and automate messages without using any real accounts.

Setting up the WhatsApp Sandbox Account​

The first step to setting up the WhatsApp sandbox is to create a sandbox account on Twilio. To do this, go to the Twilio Console and select the "Sandbox for WhatsApp" option. Fill in your details and press the "Create Sandbox for WhatsApp" button. After a few minutes, your sandbox account will be created and you can start sending messages.

Connecting your App to the Sandbox​

Next, you need to connect your app or script to the sandbox account using the WhatsApp API. This can be done in a few different ways, but the most common way is to use the Twilio Python SDK. To do this, first import the necessary SDK libraries into your Python script and then use the “client” object provided by the SDK library to set up the connection.

Sending Messages on WhatsApp​

Now all that’s left to do is to actually send the messages. Since we are using the Twilio Python SDK to access the WhatsApp API, all that’s required is to make a few simple lines of code. First, create a “message” variable and set it to the message you want to send. Then use the “client” method to send the message with the “send_message” command.

For example, the following code will send a WhatsApp message containing “Hello World” to a specified recipient:

message = "Hello World" 
client.messages.create(to="<recipient_number>", body=message) 

Once you have sent the message, you can check the response to make sure that it was sent successfully. You can also use the “messages.list” command to get a list of all the messages that have been sent.

Conclusion​

In this article, we discussed how to send WhatsApp messages using Python. We went over the step-by-step guide to getting all the components and setting up the WhatsApp sandbox. We also discussed the necessary Python libraries and how to use the WhatsApp API to connect to the sandbox. Finally, we went over the code to actually send the messages. With the steps outlined in this tutorial, you should now be able to send WhatsApp messages with Python.

How to Install Python on Windows 10​

Are you looking to get started with Python programming on your Windows 10 computer? Installing Python is made much easier compared to other programming languages, and can be installed in just a few steps. In this article, we'll walk you through the process of downloading, installing and testing whether Python is successfully installed on your computer.

Downloading Python

The first step is to download Python. You can do this directly from the official website – Python.org. The version of Python you want to download will depend on your current version of Windows 10.

Installing Python

Once you have downloaded Python, you should be able to install it with ease. If you're using Windows 10, you can just double-click the .exe file you've downloaded and follow the steps to install Python. You'll then need to make sure your environment variables are set up correctly. This can be done by editing the System Properties in the Control Panel.

Testing the Installation

The final step is to test the installation to make sureeverything is working properly. You can do this by opening up the Python Command Prompt and typing “import sys”. This command runs the Python interpreter, and if it returns without any errors, your installation has been successful.

Using Python

Now that you’ve successfully installed Python on your Windows 10 computer, you can start learning some programming concepts. There are a lot of resources available online, including tutorials, books, and even online classes that you can take. With a bit of practice, you’ll soon be a proficient Python programmer.

Installing Python on Windows 10 may seem like a daunting task at first, but with these simple steps you’ll be able to get started quickly and easily. Once you’re done, you’ll be able to learn the basics and start writing your own scripts in no time.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web. It is used to create and store documents on the internet. HTML is used for webpages, newsletters, email, and forms.

HTML describes the “structure” of webpages using markup. Elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. They are represented by tags and can include text, bookmark links, images, and control elements. An HTML tag is composed of the name of the element surrounded by angle brackets.

For example, web page authors indicate the start and end of a paragraph with the <p> and </p> tags, respectively. HTML tags are not case sensitive, which means that the tags <P> and <p> can be used interchangeably.

Structure of an HTML Document​

An HTML document has two main sections - the head and the body. The purpose of the head section is to give information regarding the document to the user agent (e.g. browser). It usually contains meta data, style information, and scripts used to control page elements.

The body section represents the contents of the page. It encompasses everything that can be displayed on the page, such as text, images, links, and form elements. For example, text on a page is typically contained within a <p> element, while images are contained within an <img> element.

HTML Elements​

HTML elements represent the building blocks of webpages. HTML elements are the most basic structure of an HTML page and can be used to indicate the structure and meaning of the content contained in a document. An element consists of a tag, and its contents.

There are a variety of different HTML elements:

• <h1> to <h6> - Headings
• <p> - Paragraphs
• <img> - Images
• <ul> and <li> - Unordered lists
• <table> and <tr> - Tables
• <form> - Forms

Here is an example of an HTML document:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My First HTML Document</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>My First HTML Document</h1>
    <p>This is my first HTML document.</p>
    <button onClick="alert('button clicked!')">Click me!</button>
  </body>
</html>

My First HTML Document
This is my first HTML document.

These elements provide the basic structure for webpages, and are used to render the webpages in an understandable way for browsers.

HTML Documents​

HTML documents are written in “markup”. Markup is used to describe the content within an HTML document. It is different than natural language as it is composed of tags, attributes, and elements. These tags can be used to indicate the content and structure within a document.

For example, the <p> tag is used to indicate the start and end of a paragraph. The <h1> tag is used to indicate the start and end of a heading, and so on. By using these tags, HTML documents can be "marked up" to give meaning and structure to the content on the page.

HTML Attributes​

Attributes provide additional information about an HTML element. They can be used to give an element additional information, or to control how the element behaves. Attributes can be used to control the appearance and behavior of an element, such as its color, size, and even its position on the page.

For example, the <img> tag uses the src attribute to indicate the source of the image and the alt attribute to provide alternative text for the image.

HTML and CSS​

HTML and CSS work together to create a web page. HTML is responsible for the structure of the page, while CSS is responsible for the styling of the page. CSS can be used to set properties such as font size, font family, text color, and background color of an element.

By combining HTML and CSS, web developers can create webpages that look and behave the way they desire.

Coding in HTML​

HTML documents are written in plain text format, but they must be written correctly in order to be rendered properly in the browser. To ensure that HTML documents are written correctly, developers use an HTML editor. An HTML editor is a piece of software used to write HTML code. Examples of HTML editors include Sublime Text, Atom, and Notepad++.

Conclusion​

HTML is the standard markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web. It is used to create and store documents on the web and provides the basic structure for webpages. Elements, attributes, and tags provide the building blocks for webpages, and HTML and CSS work together to create the visual structure of a web page. HTML documents must be written correctly in order for them to be rendered correctly in the browser, and HTML editors are used to help developers write HTML code correctly.

What is SQL Injection and How to Prevent It?​

SQL injection is a type of attack on a web application which enables hackers to steal data from a database. This type of attack is usually done by utilizing malicious code, which is inserted into a web application in order to read and modify data in the database.

Through the intentional exploitation of common web application vulnerabilities, a hacker can inject SQL code into an application and deceive the application into executing their malicious commands, allowing the hacker to manipulate, alter, or delete data stored in the database. SQL injection attacks can range from the relatively benign, such as collecting information, to the highly serious, such as erasing data or manipulating a website's security protocols.

The most common way that an SQL injection attack can be used is by submitting user input as part of a SQL statement, thereby causing the application to execute the statement and return data that the attacker can use to gain access to the system, such as a username and a password.

The best way to prevent SQL injection attacks is to use a secure web application development platform and to thoroughly test the code for any potential vulnerabilities before deploying it to a live environment. Additionally, it is important to implement robust security practices and policies, such as creating strong passwords and restricting user access to sensitive information.

Furthermore, application developers should use secure coding techniques, such as input validation, proper encoding of user input, and parameterized queries. Input validation should be used to verify that the data is properly formatted and also to prevent malicious input from entering the system. Proper encoding of user inputs means making sure that special characters and HTML tags are properly encoded and unable to be executed by the application. Finally, parameterized queries can help limit the potential damage of a malicious attack.

Another way to defend against SQL injection attacks is to deploy a web application firewall to detect and alert on any suspicious or malicious requests. It is also important to ensure that the system is routinely patched and that the database is regularly updated with the latest security updates.

Finally, having a well-trained staff is also important, as they can quickly recognize and respond to potential threats. Ultimately, the best defense against SQL injection attacks is a comprehensive approach that involves a combination of security measures such as robust coding techniques, input validation, and a secure web development platform.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of web application attack that allows malicious scripts to be injected into web pages and applications. These scripts can execute without the user being aware of it, being able to exploit the data present in the user's browser. It is a very dangerous threat, as it could allow malicious actors to take advantage of a user’s personal data, or launch a variety of security threats such as malware, phishing, and other nefarious activities.

XSS attacks work by exploiting a vulnerable website, or a web application, which allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into the vulnerable website or application. These malicious scripts then interact with the user's browser and execute the malicious code. In order to execute the attack, the malicious code needs to be injected in a way that it bypasses the initial protections of the vulnerable web page or application.

To combat XSS attacks and prevent them from occurring, website owners should take a few important steps. First, they should ensure that user input is properly sanitized and verified. This means that all input should be thoroughly checked for any malicious code before it is processed by the website or application. Proper input validation is essential for preventing XSS attacks, as it prevents users from entering malicious code into forms or other web-based applications. Additionally, website owners should use a Content Security Policy (CSP) to add additional security on their websites. A CSP is a policy that defines which content types (such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc.) can be loaded on a website, and which of those types can be executed.

Another important step to take to prevent XSS attacks is to regularly update all web applications. This will ensure that any potential vulnerabilities are immediately patched, thus minimizing the risk of an attack. Updates should also be applied to any third-party libraries that are included in web applications.

Finally, webmasters should use an application-level firewall to protect against XSS and other types of attacks. A firewall should be used to monitor traffic and detect any potential malicious code. If a malicious attack is detected, then the firewall should take action to block the malicious code from executing on the website. An application-level firewall should also be combined with other measures, such as proper input validation and regular updates, in order to maximize the website's security.

In conclusion, XSS attacks are a serious threat to website security and must be addressed as quickly as possible. To prevent these attacks, webmasters should take necessary steps to properly validate and sanitize user input, use a Content Security Policy, regularly update web applications, and use an application-level firewall. All of these steps help to minimize the risk of an XSS attack and ensure the website is secure.